Sensory processing disorder vs autism: these two conditions can look very similar.
Both can be defined as developmental disorders as they show up early in life. Both deal with an individual’s ability to pick up on sensory input and manage emotional regulation. Both can also be present later in life as well.
Where they differ is very crucial. Autism is linked to, for the most part, lifelong struggles. Whereas, sensory processing disorders are often resolved as the child ages. Read on to find out the differences between both and how one can help you differentiate between the two.
What is Sensory Processing Disorder?
This is a neurological condition characterized by a lack of ability to integrate and process information from the five senses:
- sight
- hearing
- taste
- touch
- smell
Additionally, SPD can trap large numbers of messages in the nervous system. This makes the individual do the following to their responses:
- prioritize
- interpret
- respond
- regulate
What is Autism?
This is a spectrum disorder that affects a person’s ability to communicate, interact socially, and understand the environment around them. It is characterized by challenges with the following:
- social skills
- difficulty in expressing needs
- repetitive behaviors
- sensory sensitivities
- limited interests
Autism can range from mild to very severe and can affect each child differently. Early interventions, such as speech and occupational therapy, can significantly improve the outcomes for children with autism.
Causes
The cause of SPD is not well known, though it is thought to be related to neurological dysfunction in the central nervous system and can be a result of genetics or environmental factors.
The cause of Autism is believed to be linked to genetics. Studies show that both genetic and environmental influences can contribute to the development of Autism, though the exact cause of Autism is unknown.
Symptoms
Sensory Processing Disorder and Autism have some similarities in symptoms. This includes difficulty with communication, impaired social interactions, and difficulty with processing sensory information. However, there are some key differences in the symptoms related to these two conditions.
For example, people with Autism often have more severe symptoms than those with Sensory Processing Disorder. Autistic people may be more likely to have the following:
- extreme sensory sensitivities
- intense campaigns of repetitive behaviors
- restricted and repetitive interests
On the other hand, people with Sensory Processing Disorder might be more likely to have difficulty filtering. They may also have difficulty in interpreting sensory input. They may also have trouble changing their behaviors in response to different situations and become easily overwhelmed in sensory-rich environments.
Diagnosis and Treatment
One of the main differences in diagnosis and treatment is that SPD includes dysfunctions related to an individual’s processing of environmental and bodily sensations, while treatment for autism is primarily characterized by impaired communication and impairments in social interactions.
While SPD may have some accompanying impairments in communication and socialization, it alone does not include them. Diagnosis for both disorders relies on careful evaluation of behaviors and characteristics as they pertain to the disorder, and treatments for each are tailored to the individual’s individual needs and specific challenges.
All About Sensory Processing Disorder vs Autism
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) and Autism are two distinct medical conditions that need to be addressed. Despite many similarities, such as issues with communication and socialization, SPD and Autism are quite different.
With knowledge about the two, better treatment and understanding is possible. Further research in this area may bring light to these disorders, providing guidance and relief for those afflicted.
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